Dance: Dance (from Old French *danse*) generally refers to the translation of (mostly musical) auditory stimuli into movement. Dancing serves many social functions in human societies, but can also be an end in itself or a pastime. It is an integral part of rituals and customs, sports, and an art form. Well-known folk dances include the waltz, the Zwiefacher, the polka, the mazurka, the Ländler, and square dance.

Renaissance: European music of the early modern period, i.e., the 15th and 16th centuries