Giuseppe Aldrovandini studied at the ''Accademia Filarmonica'' in Bologna under Giacomo Antonio Perti. He was elected Principe of the Accademia in 1701. From about 1702 he was "maestro di cappella" of the Duke of Mantua and later maestro of the "Accademia del Santo Spirito" in Ferrara.
Stylistically, Aldrovandini belonged to the vocal and instrumental composers of the Bolognese school of the late 17th century. His approximately 14 certaintly attributed operas were frequently performed. The first three are of some importance in the history of opera buffa, since they embody an independent regional development. The libretto of the first opera, "Gl'inganni amorosi scoperti in Villa" (1696), shows greater dramaturgical sophistication than those of his Neapolitan colleagues. Aldrovandini's serious operas were successful; they are impressive works, even if they were not very innovative. Additionally, Aldrovandini created five oratorios, motets, cantatas, concertos and sonatas.